Biography frederick g knirker

The Knirk & Gustafson Instructional Design Model is an instructional model that was developed by Frederick G. Knirk and Kent L.

Gustafson in 1986. Their model has three stages:

• Problem determination
• Design
• Development

Knirk is an author in the field of education and instructional design and Gustafson was a professor at the University of Georgia

Stages

Problem Determination

The Problem determination stage focuses on two processes: the identification of the problem, the performance gaps and the primary goals (Pappas, 2015), and the setting of goals (Sortrakul & Denphaisarn, 2009).

This stage allows the instructional designer to conduct a needs assessment and task analysis to determine the objectives that are required to solve the problem and create general instructional goals (Nimbkar & Sonali, 2013) as well as decide which methods are suitable to lessen a performance deficiency (Barbazette, 2006).

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